How Rhesus factor affects pregnancy

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 When a woman and her unborn baby carry different Rhesus (Rh) protein factors, their condition is called Rh incompatibility. It occurs when a woman is Rh- negative and her baby is Rh- positive. The Rh factor is a specific protein found on the surface of your red blood cells.

Your Rhesus factor doesn't directly affect your health. However, Rh factor becomes important during pregnancy. If a woman is Rh- negative and her baby is Rh-positive, then the woman's body will approach the Rh- positive proteins as a foreign body, if her immune system is exposed to it. This means that if blood cells from your baby crosses your bloodstream, which can happen during pregnancy, labor, and delivery, your immune system will make antibodies against your baby's red blood cells. 

Antibodies are part of your body's immune system. They destroy foreign substances. If you have a Rh- negative blood type, you're considered "sensitized" to positive blood types once body has made these antibodies. This means that your body might send these antibodies across the placenta to attack your baby's red blood cells.

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